Kev xaiv ntawm cov yas molding feem ntau yog nyob ntawm hom yas (thermoplastic lossis thermoset), qhov pib zoo, thiab cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom. Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem rau kev ua cov yas thermoplastic xws li extrusion, txhaj tshuaj molding, calendering, tshuab moulding, thiab thermoforming. Thermosetting plastics feem ntau siv molding, hloov molding, thiab txhaj tshuaj molding. Lamination, molding, thiab thermoforming zoo yas rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus. Cov txheej txheem ua cov yas saum toj no tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua cov roj hmab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tseem muaj cov castings siv cov kua monomers lossis polymers ua raw khoom. Ntawm cov txheej txheem no, extrusion thiab txhaj tshuaj molding yog feem ntau siv thiab tseem yog cov txheej txheem molding yooj yim tshaj plaws.
- Kev poob qis
Tom qab lubyas ntuyog tshem tawm ntawm pwm thiab txias rau chav tsev kub, qhov seem shrinkage tshwm sim. Cov cuab yeej no hu ua shrinkage. Txij li thaum shrinkage tsis yog tsuas yog lub thermal expansion thiab contraction ntawm cov resin nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj muaj feem xyuam rau ntau yam forming yam, lub shrinkage ntawm yas ib feem tom qab tsim yuav tsum tau hu ua kev shrinkage.
1. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib sau shrinkage Forming shrinkage feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov hauv qab no:
(1) Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov khoom yas vim yog thermal expansion thiab txias contraction, elastic rov qab, yas deformation thiab lwm yam vim li cas thaum lub sij hawm demoulding.yas qhov chawua rau cov khoom yas kom me me tom qab lawv demolded thiab txias rau chav tsev kub. Qhov no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum tsim cov kab noj hniav. nyiaj pab.
(2) Thaum lub sij hawm shrinkage directional molding, cov molecules yog teem raws li kev taw qhia, ua tusyas ntuanisotropic. Raws li kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom ntws (piv txwv li, kev coj mus rau qhov sib npaug), qhov shrinkage loj thiab lub zog siab, thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov khoom ntws (xws li, ntsug kev taw qhia), lub shrinkage yog me me. , siv tsawg. Ib qho ntxiv, vim qhov tsis sib luag thiab muab tub lim rau hauv ntau feem ntawm cov yas, lub shrinkage kuj tseem tsis sib luag. Qhov sib txawv shrinkage ua rau cov khoom yas ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo, deformation, thiab cov kab nrib pleb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv extrusion thiab txhaj tshuaj molding, qhov kev taw qhia yog pom tseeb dua. Yog li, lub shrinkage directionality yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum tsim pwm thiab qhov tsim nyog shrinkage tus nqi yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov duab ntawm cov yas thiab cov kev taw qhia ntws.
(3) Thaum tom qab-shrinkage seem yog tsim, vim muaj kev sib tw ua kom muaj zog, tsis sib xws, tsis sib xws thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho kev ntxhov siab tsis tuaj yeem ploj mus hauv lub xeev cov dej khov, yog li muaj cov kev ntxhov siab seem thaum cov khoom yas raug tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev ntxhov siab. Thaum cov khoom yas raug demoulded vim muaj kev ntxhov siab sib npaug thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev cia khoom, qhov seem ntawm kev ntxhov siab hloov pauv thiab cov khoom yas thim rov qab, uas yog hu ua post-shrinkage. Feem ntau, cov khoom yas hloov pauv ntau tshaj li ntawm 10 teev tom qab demoulding, thiab qhov pib ua tiav tom qab 24 teev, tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm 30-60 hnub kom ruaj khov. Feem ntau, tom qab shrinkage ntawm thermoplastics yog ntau dua li ntawm cov thermosets, thiab cov extrusion thiab txhaj tshuaj molding yog ntau dua li ntawm compression molding.
(4) Tom qab ua tiav shrinkage Qee zaumyas qhov chawyuav tsum tau kho cua sov tom qab tsim raws li kev ua tau zoo thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua. Tom qab kev kho mob, qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom yas kuj yuav hloov. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsim pwm rauhigh-precision yas qhov chaw, post-shrinkage thiab post-processing shrinkage yuam kev yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thiab them nyiaj rau.
2. Kev ntsuas tus nqi shrinkage Lub shrinkage ntawm cov khoom yas thaum lub sij hawm molding yuav qhia tau los ntawm tus nqi shrinkage, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv formula (1-1) thiab mis (1-2).
(1-1) Qact=(ab)/b×100
(1-2) Q 'meter'=(cb)/b × 100
Hauv cov mis: Qactual - qhov tseeb shrinkage (%)
Q ' meter '- xam tus nqi shrinkage (%)
a - Ib-txoj kev qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom yas ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (mm)
b - Ib-txoj kev qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom yas ntawm chav tsev kub (mm)
c - Ib-txoj kev qhov ntev ntawm pwm ntawm chav tsev kub (mm)
Qhov tseeb shrinkage tus nqi sawv cev rau qhov tseeb shrinkage ntawmyas ntu. Txij li thaum nws cov nqi sib txawv heev los ntawm kev suav shrinkage, Q yog siv los ua tus qauv tsim thaum tsim pwm los xam cov kab noj hniav thiab qhov loj me.
3. Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv ntawm shrinkage tus nqi. Tsis tsuas yog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov yas muaj qhov sib txawv shrinkage tus nqi thaum lub sij hawm molding tiag tiag, tab sis kuj cov nqi shrinkage ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm tib hom yas los yog sib txawv ntawm tib cov yas feem ntau sib txawv. Cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm shrinkage tus nqi yog Cov yam tseem ceeb muaj xws li cov hauv qab no.
(1) Hom yas Ntau yam yas muaj lawv tus kheej shrinkage ranges. Tib hom yas yuav muaj qhov sib txawv shrinkage tus nqi thiab anisotropy vim sib txawv fillers, molecular luj thiab ratios.
(2) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom yas Cov duab, qhov loj me, phab ntsa thickness, muaj los yog tsis muaj cov ntxig ntxig, tus naj npawb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom ntxig kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau qhov shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov khoom yas.
(3) Pwm qauv Lub parting nto thiab siab kev taw qhia ntawm cov pwm, daim ntawv, layout thiab loj ntawm lub rooj vag system kuj muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau lub shrinkage tus nqi thiab directionality, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv extrusion thiab txhaj molding.
(4) Moulding txheej txheem Extrusion thiab txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem feem ntau muaj cov nqi shrinkage loj thiab pom tseeb directionality. Preheating tej yam kev mob, tsim kub, sib sau siab, tuav lub sij hawm, sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab hardening uniformity tag nrho cov cuam tshuam shrinkage thiab directionality.
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, cov qauv tsim pwm yuav tsum ua raws li qhov shrinkage ntau yam uas tau muab rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm ntau yam yas, thiab raws li cov duab, qhov loj me, phab ntsa thickness, muaj los yog tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv, parting nto thiab siab tsim kev taw qhia, pwm qauv thiab ntau yam. yam xws li daim ntawv, qhov loj me thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim tau raug txiav txim siab los xaiv tus nqi shrinkage. Rau extrusion lossis txhaj tshuaj molding, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv qhov sib txawv shrinkage tus nqi raws li cov duab, qhov loj me, phab ntsa thickness thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm txhua qhov ntawm cov khoom.yas ntu.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib sau shrinkage kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kev tsim, tab sis nws yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hom yas, cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov yas. Yog li ntawd, kev kho ntau yam kev mob thaum lub sij hawm molding kuj tsim nyog hloov lub shrinkage ntawm yas ib feem.
- Fluidity
Lub peev xwm ntawm cov yas ntim cov kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias yog hu ua fluidity. Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum tsim pwm. High fluidity tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau ntau dhau, xoob txhaws ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav, cov yas xoob xoob, cais cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov khoom ntim, cov pwm yooj yim sticking, nyuaj rau demoulding thiab tu, ntxov ntxov hardening thiab lwm yam tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov fluidity me me, qhov txhaws yuav tsis txaus, nws yuav nyuaj rau kev tsim, thiab kev tsim siab yuav siab. Yog li ntawd, qhov fluidity ntawm cov yas xaiv yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov kev cai ntawm cov yas, cov txheej txheem tsim thiab cov txheej txheem tsim. Thaum tsim pwm, cov txheej txheem pouring, ntu ntu, kev coj noj coj ua, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li kev ua haujlwm ntws. Cov khoom ntws ntawm cov yas thermoset feem ntau yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm Lasig flow (hauv millimeters). Qhov loj dua tus nqi, qhov zoo dua qhov fluidity. Txhua hom yas feem ntau muab faib ua peb theem sib txawv ntawm fluidity rau cov khoom yas sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim. Feem ntau, thaum cov khoom yas muaj qhov loj, ntau qhov ntxig, nyias cov cores thiab ntxig, thiab cov duab nyuaj nrog cov grooves sib sib zog nqus thiab cov phab ntsa nyias uas tsis zoo rau kev txhaws, cov yas uas muaj fluidity zoo dua yuav tsum tau siv. Thaum extrusion molding, plastics nrog Rasig txaus tus nqi ntau dua 150mm yuav tsum tau siv, thiab rau kev txhaj tshuaj molding, plastics nrog Rasig txaus tus nqi ntau tshaj 200mm yuav tsum tau siv. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias txhua pawg ntawm cov yas muaj qhov fluidity zoo ib yam, hauv kev xyaum, cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau siv los kho, uas yog, cov khoom siv tib yam tab sis nrog cov fluidities sib txawv yog siv ua ke los ua kom lub fluidity ntawm txhua batch. plastics compensate rau ib leeg los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom yas. . Rasig flowability qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov yas siv feem ntau yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws hauv Table 1-1. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias ntxiv rau hom yas, qhov ntws ntawm cov yas kuj feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam thaum sau cov kab noj hniav, ua rau cov yas ua rau cov kab noj hniav. peev xwm hloov. Yog hais tias qhov loj me me yog qhov zoo thiab tsis sib xws (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pellets), cov av noo siab, muaj cov dej noo ntau thiab tsis muaj zog, cov txheej txheem ua ntej thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, cov pwm saum npoo muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov tiav, thiab cov qauv pwm tsim nyog. , thiab lwm yam, nws yuav pab txhim kho cov fluidity. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tsis zoo preheating lossis tsim cov xwm txheej, cov qauv pwm tsis zoo thiab cov dej ntws loj, lossis lub sijhawm khaws cia yas yog ntev dhau, dhau sijhawm, qhov kub cia siab (tshwj xeeb yog cov amino plastics), thiab lwm yam. ntawm cov yas thaum sau cov kab noj hniav thiab ua rau txhaws tsis zoo.
- Tshwj xeeb ntim thiab compression tus nqi
Cov ntim tshwj xeeb yog qhov ntim ntawm txhua gram ntawm cov yas ( ntsuas hauv cm3 / g). Tus nqi compression yog qhov piv ntawm cov ntim lossis cov ntim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hmoov yas thiab cov khoom yas (nws tus nqi ib txwm ntau dua 1). Lawv tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si los txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom chamber. Tus nqi loj yuav tsum muaj lub ntim loj ntawm lub charger chamber. Nws kuj txhais tau hais tias muaj huab cua ntau hauv cov hmoov yas, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tso pa tawm, ua rau lub voj voog molding ntev thiab cov khoom tsim tau qis. Qhov txawv yog qhov tseeb thaum lub ntim tshwj xeeb me me, thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau ingot nias thiab tsuj. Cov ntim tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau yam yas tau piav qhia hauv Table 1-1. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwj xeeb ntim tus nqi feem ntau muaj qhov yuam kev vim qhov loj me ntawm cov yas thiab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom.
- Hardening zog
Thaum lub sij hawm molding txheej txheem, thermosetting plastics hloov mus rau hauv cov yas viscous flow xeev nyob rau hauv cua sov thiab siab, thiab ces cov fluidity nce mus rau lub pwm kab noj hniav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation tshwm sim, qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov sib txuas txuas ntxiv nce ntxiv, fluidity poob sai, thiab cov yaj maj mam solidifies. . Thaum tsim pwm, rau cov ntaub ntawv uas ua kom tawv sai thiab tswj lub sijhawm luv luv, yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev thauj khoom yooj yim, thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm cov khoom siv, thiab xaiv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab kev ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob ntxov ntxov hardening lossis tsis txaus hardening, ua rau tsis zoo. molding ntawm yas qhov chaw.
Lub hardening ceev feem ntau yuav raug soj ntsuam los ntawm lub sij hawm tuav, uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov yas hom, phab ntsa thickness, yas seem puab, thiab pwm kub. Tab sis nws kuj tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam nrog lub xeev preheating. Kev tsim nyog preheating yuav tsum tswj xyuas cov xwm txheej uas tso cai rau cov yas siv nws qhov siab tshaj plaws fluidity, thiab sim ua kom nws cov tawv tawv ceev. Feem ntau, lub preheating kub yog siab thiab lub sij hawm ntev (nyob rau hauv lub tso cai nyob rau hauv lub ntau yam), lub hardening ceev yuav tsum tau ceev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias tus pre-pressed ingot dawb paug tau preheated nrog high zaus, hardening ceev yuav ho accelerated. . Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov siab thiab lub sijhawm nias ntev, lub hardening ceev kuj yuav nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, lub hardening ceev kuj yuav tsim nyog tswj los ntawm kev kho preheating los yog tsim tej yam kev mob.
Lub hardening ceev yuav tsum tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm txoj kev molding. Piv txwv li, kev txhaj tshuaj thiab extrusion molding yuav tsum xav tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qeeb thiab qeeb hardening thaum lub sij hawm plasticization thiab filling. Lub xeev ntws yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov kab noj hniav puv, nws yuav dhau mus rau qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yuav tsum harden sai.
- Moisture thiab volatile cov ntsiab lus
Ntau yam plastics muaj ntau theem ntawm noo noo thiab volatile teeb meem. Thaum ntau dhau, qhov fluidity nce, nws yooj yim dhau, lub sijhawm khaws cia ntev, qhov shrinkage nce, thiab nws yog qhov ua rau corrugation, warping thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag, uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom yas. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov yas qhuav dhau lawm, nws tseem yuav ua rau cov dej tsis zoo thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim. Yog li ntawd, cov yas sib txawv yuav tsum tau preheated thiab qhuav raws li xav tau. Rau cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj zog hygroscopicity, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, txawm preheated cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm absorbing noo noo dua.
Txij li ntau yam plastics muaj cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov dej noo thiab cov volatiles, thiab condensation noo noo tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm condensation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom no yuav tsum tau tig mus rau hauv cov pa roj thiab tawm tawm ntawm pwm thaum lub sij hawm molding. Qee cov pa roj muaj cov nyhuv corrosive rau cov pwm thiab tseem muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev. Stimulating nyhuv. Vim li no, cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam yas yuav tsum tau nkag siab thaum tsim pwm, thiab cov kev ntsuas sib xws yuav tsum tau ua, xws li preheating, chromium plating ntawm pwm, qhib qhov tso pa tawm los yog teeb tsa cov txheej txheem tso pa thaum tsim.
Cov khoom siv yas yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab ntau yam khoom siv ntxiv nrog kev txhaj tshuaj, extrusion, nias, casting thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom yas kuj tau txais cov khoom kawg thaum raug molded, yog li yas molding yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom.
txhaj tshuaj
Kev txhaj tshuaj molding, tseem hu ua kev txhaj tshuaj molding, yog ib txoj hauv kev uas siv lub tshuab txhaj tshuaj kom nrawm cov yas molten rau hauv pwm thiab ua kom ruaj khov kom tau txais ntau yam khoom yas. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv rau yuav luag tag nrho cov thermoplastics (tshwj tsis yog fluoroplastics), thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim ntawm qee cov thermosetting plastics. Txhaj tshuaj molding suav txog li 30% ntawm cov khoom siv yas. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom nrog cov duab nyuaj ntawm ib zaug, qhov tseeb qhov ntev, thiab kev tsim khoom siab. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov pwm yog siab, thiab nws yog siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom yas loj.
Muaj ob hom kev txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab: plunger hom thiab ntsia hlau hom. Daim duab 1 yog daim duab schematic ntawm cov ntsia hlau txhaj tshuaj molding. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding: Ntxiv hmoov thiab granular raw cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub hopper mus rau lub thoob. Thaum lub plunger nce siab, cov ntaub ntawv nyoos raug thawb mus rau hauv qhov chaw cua sov, tom qab ntawd dhau los ntawm lub tsheb thauj mus los, thiab cov yas molten yog txhaj rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav los ntawm lub nozzle. Tom qab txias, pwm qhib kom tau txais cov khoom yas. Kev txhaj tshuaj yas feem ntau xav tau qhov tsim nyog tom qab ua tiav tom qab raug tshem tawm ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav kom tshem tawm qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab ruaj khov qhov loj thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom yas thaum lub sij hawm molding. Tsis tas li ntawd, tseem muaj kev tshem tawm burrs thiab rooj vag, polishing, txheej txheej, thiab lwm yam.
- Extrusion molding
Extrusion molding yog txheej txheem uas siv cov ntsia hlau tig thiab lub zog kom txuas ntxiv nyem cov yas yas rau hauv pwm. Thaum dhau los ntawm kev tuag ntawm ib qho duab, ib qho yas profile haum rau cov duab ntawm cov tuag tau txais. Extrusion molding suav txog li 30% ntawm cov khoom yas, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau ntau yam yas profiles nrog rau qee qhov hla ntu thiab ntev ntev, xws li cov raj yas, daim hlau, cov pas nrig, cov nplooj ntawv, strips, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb zoo li cov khoom siv. hla ntu. Nws cov yam ntxwv yog nruam tsim, tsim tau zoo, yooj yim pwm qauv, tsis tshua muaj nqi, nruj lub koom haum, thiab lwm yam. Tsuas yog cov fluoroplastics, yuav luag tag nrho cov thermoplastic plastics yuav extruded, thiab ib co thermosetting plastics kuj yuav extruded.
Daim duab 2 yog daim duab schematic ntawm kauv extrusion molding. Cov yas granular yog pub los ntawm lub hopper mus rau hauv lub kauv propelling chamber, thiab ces xa mus rau lub cua sov cheeb tsam los ntawm lub rotating ntsia hlau rau melting thiab compression; nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub kauv quab yuam, nws yog yuam kom dhau los ntawm extruder nrog ib tug tej yam zoo li. Pwm kom tau txais ib qho profile raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tuag; Tom qab ntog rau ntawm txoj siv conveyor, tshuaj tsuag cua lossis dej kom txias thiab ua kom tawv nqaij kom tau ib qho khoom siv yas.
- Nias
Xovxwm molding, tseem hu ua compression molding, compression molding, molding, thiab lwm yam, yog ntxiv cov khoom pellets lossis prefabricated pieces rau hauv pwm, soften thiab yaj lawv los ntawm cua sov thiab siab, thiab sau cov pwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub siab. kab noj hniav, ib txoj kev kom tau cov khoom yas tom qab solidification. Xovxwm molding yog tsuas yog siv rau thermosetting yas, xws li phenolic, epoxy, silicone, thiab lwm yam.; nws kuj tseem siv tau rau nias cov khoom siv thermoplastic polytetrafluoroethylene thiab polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cov ntaub ntawv. Piv nrog rau kev txhaj tshuaj molding, xovxwm molding muaj cov cuab yeej yooj yim thiab pwm thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom loj; Txawm li cas los xij, lub voj voog ntau lawm ntev, qhov ua tau zoo yog qhov tsawg, nws nyuaj rau automate, thiab nws nyuaj rau tsim cov khoom tuab-walled thiab cov khoom uas muaj cov duab nyuaj.
Daim duab 3 yog daim duab schematic ntawm kev sib sau xovxwm. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem xovxwm tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb theem: pub, pwm kaw, tshem tawm, kho thiab demoulding. Cov khoom yas yuav tsum tau ua tiav tom qab demoulding. Txoj kev ua haujlwm yog tib yam li kev txhaj tshuaj molded yas qhov chaw.
- Tshuab molding
Tshuab moulding (ib qho kev ua haujlwm thib ob ntawm cov yas) yog ib txoj hauv kev uas siv cov cua compressed rau inflate thiab deform lub hollow yas parison, thiab ces tau cov yas qhov chaw tom qab txias thiab shaping. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb suav nrog hollow tshuab molding thiab zaj duab xis tshuab moulding.
Daim duab 4 yog daim duab schematic ntawm extrusion tshuab molding ntawm hollow qhov chaw. Muab cov extruded los yog txhaj cov tubular parison nrog ib tug tej yam kub thiab txias rau hauv phua tshuab pwm, kaw lub pwm, thiab tshuab compressed cua los ntawm lub tshuab raj kom inflate lub parison. Tom qab ntawd ua kom nws nyob ze rau ntawm phab ntsa pwm, qhib lub pwm thiab tshem tawm qhov hollow tom qab tswj lub siab, txias thiab shaping.
- Casting
Kev tsim thiab kev tsim cov yas zoo ib yam li cov casting thiab kev tsim cov hlau. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev uas cov ntaub ntawv polymer lossis cov khoom siv monomer nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntws yog txhaj rau hauv cov pwm tshwj xeeb, reacted thiab solidified nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, thiab tsim rau hauv cov yas seem raws li pwm kab noj hniav. Txoj kev tsim no muaj cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim, yuav tsum tsis muaj lossis tsis tshua muaj siab, muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau pwm lub zog, thiab muaj peev txheej tsawg. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov thermoplastic thiab thermosetting yas ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom yas muaj qhov tsis zoo, tsis muaj khoom tsim tau, thiab lub voj voog ntev ntev.
- Gas-Assisted Txhaj Molding
Gas-pab txhaj molding (gas-pab molding luv luv) yog ib txoj kev tshiab hauv kev ua cov yas. Cov txheej txheem kev tsim cov pa roj tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb txoj hauv kev: (A) Hollow forming, uas yog, cov yas yaj yog txhaj rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav. Thaum cov kab noj hniav ntim tau ntim rau 60%-70%, txhaj tshuaj nres thiab cov pa roj tau pib txhaj kom txog thaum cov kab noj hniav raug tswj xyuas. Nias thiab txias kom teem caij. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv yas tuab tuab xws li tuav thiab tes. (B) Kev txhaj tshuaj luv luv, uas yog, thaum cov yas yaj tau ntim rau 90% -98% ntawm cov kab noj hniav, cua nkag tau pib. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom tuab-walled lossis ib nrab-walled khoom nrog cov dav hlau loj. (C) Kev txhaj tshuaj tag nrho, uas yog, cov yas yaj yog ntim kom txog thaum cov pwm kab noj hniav puv tag ua ntej cov roj txhaj. Cov roj puv qhov chaw uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub shrinkage ntawm lub yaj ntim, thiab cov roj siab tuav thiab yaj siab tuav yog siv ua ke los ua cov khoom warp. Txoj kev khoov deformation yog txo qis heev, thiab nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom nyias nyias nrog cov dav hlau loj, thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem yog qhov nyuaj dua. Thawj ob txoj kev tseem hu ua luv-cov khoom siv roj-pab txhaj tshuaj, thiab tom kawg yog hu ua cov khoom siv roj-pab txhaj tshuaj tag nrho.
Cov txheej txheem roj-pab suav nrog plaub theem hauv qab no: Thawj theem yog txhaj tshuaj yas. Cov yaj nkag mus rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav thiab ntsib cov pwm phab ntsa nrog qhov kub thiab txias, ua ib txheej nyias nyias; theem ob: gas txhaj. Cov pa roj inert nkag mus rau hauv cov yas molten thiab thawb cov yas tsis muaj zog hauv qhov chaw mus rau hauv cov kab noj hniav uas tseem tsis tau ntim; theem peb: gas txhaj. Cov pa roj txuas ntxiv thawb cov yas yaj kom ntws mus txog thaum cov yaj sau tag nrho cov kab noj hniav; theem plaub: gas siab tu. Nyob rau hauv lub siab-tuav lub xeev, cov pa roj nyob rau hauv cov huab cua channel compresses lub yaj thiab replenishes cov khoom los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw.
Gas-pab txoj kev sib sau muaj cov hauv qab no zoo: tshem tawm cov khoom nto ntawm lub dab dej thiab txhim kho cov khoom nto zoo; txo warping deformation thiab ntws streaks; txo cov khoom hauv kev ntxhov siab thiab txhim kho cov khoom muaj zog; txuag cov ntaub ntawv yas thiab txo cov khoom hnyav (feem ntau 20% txo) -40%); txhim kho kev faib khoom ntawm cov khoom seem ntawm cov khoom thiab txhim kho cov rigidity ntawm cov khoom; txo lub sij hawm molding thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom; ncua kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pwm.
Yog tias koj xav tau kev pabcuam kev cai, thov ua siab zoo xa peb cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav (khoom siv, tiav, loj, thiab lwm yam) Nws yuav zoo dua yog tias koj tuaj yeem xa peb CAD / 3D duab lossis duab rau peb kev nkag siab lossis koj tuaj yeem xa peb cov qauv, peb yuav tsim cov khoom 100% raws li koj cov qauv.
Peb qhov chaw nyob
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